supabase/apps/reference/docs/guides/database/arrays.mdx

---
id: arrays
title: 'Working With Arrays'
description: How to use arrays in PostgreSQL and the Supabase API.
---

import Tabs from '@theme/Tabs'
import TabItem from '@theme/TabItem'

PostgreSQL supports flexible [array types](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/arrays.html). These arrays are also supported in the Supabase Dashboard and in the JavaScript API.

## Create a table with an array column

Create a test table with a text array (an array of strings):

<Tabs
  groupId="dashboard-or-sql"
  defaultValue="dashboard"
  values={[
    {label: 'Dashboard', value: 'dashboard'},
    {label: 'SQL', value: 'sql'},
  ]}>

<TabItem value="dashboard">

1. Go to the [Table editor](https://app.supabase.com/project/_/editor) page in the Dashboard.
1. Click **New Table** and create a table with the name `arraytest`.
1. Click **Save**.
1. Click **New Column** and create a column with the name `textarray`, type `text`, and select **Define as array**.
1. Click **Save**.

</TabItem>

<TabItem value="sql">

```sql
CREATE TABLE arraytest (id integer NOT NULL, textarray text ARRAY);
```

</TabItem>
</Tabs>

## Insert a record with an array value

<Tabs
  groupId="dashboard-or-sql"
  defaultValue="dashboard"
  values={[
    {label: 'Dashboard', value: 'dashboard'},
    {label: 'SQL', value: 'sql'},
    {label: 'JavaScript', value: 'javascript'},
  ]}>

<TabItem value="dashboard">

1. Go to the [Table editor](https://app.supabase.com/project/_/editor) page in the Dashboard.
1. Select the `arraytest` table.
1. Click **Insert row** and add `["Harry", "Larry", "Moe"]`.
1. Click **Save.**

</TabItem>

<TabItem value="sql">

```sql
INSERT INTO arraytest (id, textarray) VALUES (1, ARRAY['Harry', 'Larry', 'Moe']);
```

</TabItem>

<TabItem value="javascript">
Insert a record from the JavaScript client:

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('arraytest')
  .insert([{ id: 2, textarray: ['one', 'two', 'three', 'four'] }])
```

</TabItem>

</Tabs>

## View the results

<Tabs
  groupId="dashboard-or-sql"
  defaultValue="dashboard"
  values={[
    {label: 'Dashboard', value: 'dashboard'},
    {label: 'SQL', value: 'sql'},
  ]}>

<TabItem value="dashboard">

1. Go to the [Table editor](https://app.supabase.com/project/_/editor) page in the Dashboard.
1. Select the `arraytest` table.

You should see:

| id  | textarray               |
| --- | ----------------------- |
| 1   | ["Harry","Larry","Moe"] |

</TabItem>
<TabItem value="sql">

```sql
SELECT * FROM arraytest;
```

You should see:

| id  | textarray               |
| --- | ----------------------- |
| 1   | ["Harry","Larry","Moe"] |

</TabItem>
</Tabs>

## Query array data

PostgreSQL uses 1-based indexing (e.g., `textarray[1]` is the first item in the array).

<Tabs
  groupId="dashboard-or-sql"
  defaultValue="sql"
  values={[
    {label: 'SQL', value: 'sql'},
    {label: 'JavaScript', value: 'javascript'},
  ]}>

<TabItem value="sql">

To select the first item from the array and get the total length of the array:

```js
SELECT textarray[1], array_length(textarray, 1) FROM arraytest;
```

returns:

| textarray | array_length |
| --------- | ------------ |
| Harry     | 3            |

</TabItem>

<TabItem value="javascript">

This returns the entire array field:

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase.from('arraytest').select('textarray[]')
console.log(JSON.stringify(data, null, 2))
```

returns:

```js
;[
  {
    textarray: ['Harry', 'Larry', 'Moe'],
  },
]
```

</TabItem>
</Tabs>

## Resources

- [Supabase JS Client](https://github.com/supabase/supabase-js)
- [Supabase Account - Free Tier OK](https://supabase.com)
- [PostgreSQL Arrays](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/12/arrays.html)