supabase/apps/temp-docs/docs/reference/javascript/select.mdx

---
id: select
title: "Fetch data: select()"
slug: select
custom_edit_url: https://github.com/supabase/supabase/edit/master/web/spec/supabase.yml
---

import Tabs from '@theme/Tabs';
import TabsPanel from '@theme/TabsPanel';

Performs vertical filtering with SELECT.

<Tabs
  defaultActiveId="js"
  groupId="reference/supabase-js"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' }]}>

<TabsPanel id="js" label="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('cities')
  .select()
```


</TabsPanel>

</Tabs>

## Parameters


<ul className="method-list-group">
  
<li className="method-list-item">
  <h4 className="method-list-item-label">
    <span className="method-list-item-label-name">
      columns
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-label-badge false">
      optional
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-validation">
      <code>string</code>
    </span>
  </h4>
  <div class="method-list-item-description">

The columns to retrieve, separated by commas.

  </div>
  
</li>


<li className="method-list-item">
  <h4 className="method-list-item-label">
    <span className="method-list-item-label-name">
      __namedParameters
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-label-badge required">
      required
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-validation">
      <code>object</code>
    </span>
  </h4>
  <div class="method-list-item-description">

No description provided. 

  </div>
  
<ul className="method-list-group">
  <h5 class="method-list-title method-list-title-isChild expanded">Properties</h5>

<li className="method-list-item">
  <h4 className="method-list-item-label">
    <span className="method-list-item-label-name">
      head
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-label-badge required">
      required
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-validation">
      <code>boolean</code>
    </span>
  </h4>
  <div class="method-list-item-description">

When set to true, select will void data.

  </div>
  
</li>


<li className="method-list-item">
  <h4 className="method-list-item-label">
    <span className="method-list-item-label-name">
      count
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-label-badge required">
      required
    </span>
    <span className="method-list-item-validation">
      <code>null</code> | <code>exact</code> | <code>planned</code> | <code>estimated</code>
    </span>
  </h4>
  <div class="method-list-item-description">

Count algorithm to use to count rows in a table.

  </div>
  
</li>

</ul>

</li>

</ul>


## Notes

- By default, Supabase projects will return a maximum of 1,000 rows. This setting can be changed in Project API Settings. It's recommended that you keep it low to limit the payload size of accidental or malicious requests. You can use `range()` queries to paginate through your data.
- `select()` can be combined with [Modifiers](/docs/reference/javascript/using-modifiers)
- `select()` can be combined with [Filters](/docs/reference/javascript/using-filters)










## Examples

### Getting your data



<Tabs
  defaultActiveId="js"
  groupId="reference/supabase-js"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' }]}>

<TabsPanel id="js" label="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('cities')
  .select()
```


</TabsPanel>

</Tabs>

### Selecting specific columns

You can select specific fields from your tables.

<Tabs
  defaultActiveId="js"
  groupId="reference/supabase-js"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' }]}>

<TabsPanel id="js" label="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('cities')
  .select('name')
```


</TabsPanel>

</Tabs>

### Query foreign tables

If your database has foreign key relationships, you can query related tables too.

<Tabs
  defaultActiveId="js"
  groupId="reference/supabase-js"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' }]}>

<TabsPanel id="js" label="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('countries')
  .select(`
    name,
    cities (
      name
    )
  `)
```


</TabsPanel>

</Tabs>

### Query the same foreign table multiple times

Sometimes you will need to query the same foreign table twice. 
In this case, you can use the name of the joined column to identify 
which join you intend to use. For convenience, you can also give an 
alias for each column. For example, if we had a shop of products, 
and we wanted to get the supplier and the purchaser at the same time 
(both in the users) table:


<Tabs
  defaultActiveId="js"
  groupId="reference/supabase-js"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' }]}>

<TabsPanel id="js" label="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('products')
  .select(`
    id,
    supplier:supplier_id ( name ),
    purchaser:purchaser_id ( name )
  `)
```


</TabsPanel>

</Tabs>

### Filtering with inner joins

If you want to filter a table based on a child table's values you can use the `!inner()` function. For example, if you wanted 
to select all rows in a `message` table which belong to a user with the `username` "Jane":


<Tabs
  defaultActiveId="js"
  groupId="reference/supabase-js"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' }]}>

<TabsPanel id="js" label="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('messages')
  .select('*, users!inner(*)')
  .eq('users.username', 'Jane')
```


</TabsPanel>

</Tabs>

### Querying with count option

You can get the number of rows by using the count option.
Allowed values for count option are `null`, [exact](https://postgrest.org/en/stable/api.html#exact-count), [planned](https://postgrest.org/en/stable/api.html#planned-count) and [estimated](https://postgrest.org/en/stable/api.html#estimated-count).


<Tabs
  defaultActiveId="js"
  groupId="reference/supabase-js"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' }]}>

<TabsPanel id="js" label="js">

```js
const { data, error, count } = await supabase
  .from('cities')
  .select('name', { count: 'exact' }) // if you don't want to return any rows, you can use { count: 'exact', head: true }
```


</TabsPanel>

</Tabs>

### Querying JSON data

If you have data inside of a JSONB column, you can apply select 
and query filters to the data values. Postgres offers a 
[number of operators](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-json.html) 
for querying JSON data. Also see 
[PostgREST docs](http://postgrest.org/en/v7.0.0/api.html#json-columns) for more details.


<Tabs
  defaultActiveId="js"
  groupId="reference/supabase-js"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' }]}>

<TabsPanel id="js" label="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('users')
  .select(`
    id, name,
    address->street
  `)
  .eq('address->postcode', 90210)
```


</TabsPanel>

</Tabs>

### Return data as CSV

By default the data is returned in JSON format, however you can also request for it to be returned as Comma Separated Values.


<Tabs
  defaultActiveId="js"
  groupId="reference/supabase-js"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' }]}>

<TabsPanel id="js" label="js">

```js
const { data, error } = await supabase
  .from('users')
  .select()
  .csv()
```


</TabsPanel>

</Tabs>

### Aborting requests in-flight

You can use an [`AbortController`](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/AbortController) to abort requests. Note that `status` and `statusText` doesn't mean anything for aborted requests, since the request wasn't actually fulfilled.


<Tabs
  defaultActiveId="js"
  groupId="reference/supabase-js"
  values={[{ label: 'JavaScript', value: 'js' }]}>

<TabsPanel id="js" label="js">

```js
const ac = new AbortController()
supabase
  .from('very_big_table')
  .select()
  .abortSignal(ac.signal)
  .then(console.log)
ac.abort()
// {
//   error: {
//     message: 'FetchError: The user aborted a request.',
//     details: '',
//     hint: '',
//     code: ''
//   },
//   data: null,
//   body: null,
//   count: null,
//   status: 400,
//   statusText: 'Bad Request'
// }
```


</TabsPanel>

</Tabs>