diff --git a/config.example.yaml b/config.example.yaml
index a2e9d03b..8daf90d2 100644
--- a/config.example.yaml
+++ b/config.example.yaml
@@ -380,9 +380,6 @@ nonstream-keepalive-interval: 0
 #   codex:
 #     - name: "gpt-5"
 #       alias: "g5"
-#   iflow:
-#     - name: "glm-4.7"
-#       alias: "glm-god"
 #   kimi:
 #     - name: "kimi-k2.5"
 #       alias: "k2.5"
@@ -411,8 +408,6 @@ nonstream-keepalive-interval: 0
 #     - "claude-3-5-haiku-20241022"
 #   codex:
 #     - "gpt-5-codex-mini"
-#   iflow:
-#     - "tstars2.0"
 #   kimi:
 #     - "kimi-k2-thinking"
 #   kiro:
diff --git a/docker-build.sh b/docker-build.sh
index 944f3e78..4538b807 100644
--- a/docker-build.sh
+++ b/docker-build.sh
@@ -109,10 +109,19 @@ wait_for_service() {
   sleep 2
 }
 
-if [[ "${1:-}" == "--with-usage" ]]; then
-  WITH_USAGE=true
-  export_stats_api_secret
-fi
+case "${1:-}" in
+  "")
+    ;;
+  "--with-usage")
+    WITH_USAGE=true
+    export_stats_api_secret
+    ;;
+  *)
+    echo "Error: unknown option '${1}'. Did you mean '--with-usage'?"
+    echo "Usage: ./docker-build.sh [--with-usage]"
+    exit 1
+    ;;
+esac
 
 # --- Step 1: Choose Environment ---
 echo "Please select an option:"
diff --git a/internal/api/handlers/management/oauth_sessions.go b/internal/api/handlers/management/oauth_sessions.go
index 156eeb79..8c985e09 100644
--- a/internal/api/handlers/management/oauth_sessions.go
+++ b/internal/api/handlers/management/oauth_sessions.go
@@ -232,8 +232,6 @@ func NormalizeOAuthProvider(provider string) (string, error) {
 		return "gitlab", nil
 	case "gemini", "google":
 		return "gemini", nil
-	case "iflow", "i-flow":
-		return "iflow", nil
 	case "antigravity", "anti-gravity":
 		return "antigravity", nil
 	case "kiro":
diff --git a/internal/api/server.go b/internal/api/server.go
index 6dd6916d..ee24aead 100644
--- a/internal/api/server.go
+++ b/internal/api/server.go
@@ -437,20 +437,6 @@ func (s *Server) setupRoutes() {
 		c.String(http.StatusOK, oauthCallbackSuccessHTML)
 	})
 
-	s.engine.GET("/iflow/callback", func(c *gin.Context) {
-		code := c.Query("code")
-		state := c.Query("state")
-		errStr := c.Query("error")
-		if errStr == "" {
-			errStr = c.Query("error_description")
-		}
-		if state != "" {
-			_, _ = managementHandlers.WriteOAuthCallbackFileForPendingSession(s.cfg.AuthDir, "iflow", state, code, errStr)
-		}
-		c.Header("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
-		c.String(http.StatusOK, oauthCallbackSuccessHTML)
-	})
-
 	s.engine.GET("/antigravity/callback", func(c *gin.Context) {
 		code := c.Query("code")
 		state := c.Query("state")
@@ -683,18 +669,18 @@ func (s *Server) registerManagementRoutes() {
 		mgmt.GET("/gitlab-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGitLabToken)
 		mgmt.POST("/gitlab-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGitLabPATToken)
 		mgmt.GET("/gemini-cli-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGeminiCLIToken)
-		mgmt.GET("/antigravity-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestAntigravityToken)
-		mgmt.GET("/kilo-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKiloToken)
-		mgmt.GET("/kimi-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKimiToken)
-		mgmt.GET("/iflow-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestIFlowToken)
-		mgmt.POST("/iflow-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestIFlowCookieToken)
-		mgmt.GET("/kiro-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKiroToken)
-		mgmt.GET("/cursor-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestCursorToken)
-		mgmt.GET("/github-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGitHubToken)
-		mgmt.POST("/oauth-callback", s.mgmt.PostOAuthCallback)
-		mgmt.GET("/get-auth-status", s.mgmt.GetAuthStatus)
+			mgmt.GET("/antigravity-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestAntigravityToken)
+			mgmt.GET("/kilo-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKiloToken)
+			mgmt.GET("/kimi-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKimiToken)
+			mgmt.GET("/iflow-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestIFlowToken)
+			mgmt.POST("/iflow-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestIFlowCookieToken)
+			mgmt.GET("/kiro-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestKiroToken)
+			mgmt.GET("/cursor-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestCursorToken)
+			mgmt.GET("/github-auth-url", s.mgmt.RequestGitHubToken)
+			mgmt.POST("/oauth-callback", s.mgmt.PostOAuthCallback)
+			mgmt.GET("/get-auth-status", s.mgmt.GetAuthStatus)
+		}
 	}
-}
 
 func (s *Server) managementAvailabilityMiddleware() gin.HandlerFunc {
 	return func(c *gin.Context) {
diff --git a/internal/auth/claude/anthropic_auth.go b/internal/auth/claude/anthropic_auth.go
index 12bb53ac..6c770abf 100644
--- a/internal/auth/claude/anthropic_auth.go
+++ b/internal/auth/claude/anthropic_auth.go
@@ -59,10 +59,30 @@ type ClaudeAuth struct {
 // Returns:
 //   - *ClaudeAuth: A new Claude authentication service instance
 func NewClaudeAuth(cfg *config.Config) *ClaudeAuth {
+	return NewClaudeAuthWithProxyURL(cfg, "")
+}
+
+// NewClaudeAuthWithProxyURL creates a new Anthropic authentication service with a proxy override.
+// proxyURL takes precedence over cfg.ProxyURL when non-empty.
+func NewClaudeAuthWithProxyURL(cfg *config.Config, proxyURL string) *ClaudeAuth {
+	effectiveProxyURL := strings.TrimSpace(proxyURL)
+	var sdkCfg *config.SDKConfig
+	if cfg != nil {
+		sdkCfgCopy := cfg.SDKConfig
+		if effectiveProxyURL == "" {
+			effectiveProxyURL = strings.TrimSpace(cfg.ProxyURL)
+		}
+		sdkCfgCopy.ProxyURL = effectiveProxyURL
+		sdkCfg = &sdkCfgCopy
+	} else if effectiveProxyURL != "" {
+		sdkCfgCopy := config.SDKConfig{ProxyURL: effectiveProxyURL}
+		sdkCfg = &sdkCfgCopy
+	}
+
 	// Use custom HTTP client with Firefox TLS fingerprint to bypass
 	// Cloudflare's bot detection on Anthropic domains
 	return &ClaudeAuth{
-		httpClient: NewAnthropicHttpClient(&cfg.SDKConfig),
+		httpClient: NewAnthropicHttpClient(sdkCfg),
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/auth/claude/anthropic_auth_proxy_test.go b/internal/auth/claude/anthropic_auth_proxy_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..50c48757
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/auth/claude/anthropic_auth_proxy_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package claude
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+	"golang.org/x/net/proxy"
+)
+
+func TestNewClaudeAuthWithProxyURL_OverrideDirectTakesPrecedence(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &config.Config{SDKConfig: config.SDKConfig{ProxyURL: "socks5://proxy.example.com:1080"}}
+	auth := NewClaudeAuthWithProxyURL(cfg, "direct")
+
+	transport, ok := auth.httpClient.Transport.(*utlsRoundTripper)
+	if !ok || transport == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected utlsRoundTripper, got %T", auth.httpClient.Transport)
+	}
+	if transport.dialer != proxy.Direct {
+		t.Fatalf("expected proxy.Direct, got %T", transport.dialer)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewClaudeAuthWithProxyURL_OverrideProxyAppliedWithoutConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	auth := NewClaudeAuthWithProxyURL(nil, "socks5://proxy.example.com:1080")
+
+	transport, ok := auth.httpClient.Transport.(*utlsRoundTripper)
+	if !ok || transport == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected utlsRoundTripper, got %T", auth.httpClient.Transport)
+	}
+	if transport.dialer == proxy.Direct {
+		t.Fatalf("expected proxy dialer, got %T", transport.dialer)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/auth/codex/openai_auth.go b/internal/auth/codex/openai_auth.go
index 64bc00a6..67b54b17 100644
--- a/internal/auth/codex/openai_auth.go
+++ b/internal/auth/codex/openai_auth.go
@@ -37,8 +37,23 @@ type CodexAuth struct {
 // NewCodexAuth creates a new CodexAuth service instance.
 // It initializes an HTTP client with proxy settings from the provided configuration.
 func NewCodexAuth(cfg *config.Config) *CodexAuth {
+	return NewCodexAuthWithProxyURL(cfg, "")
+}
+
+// NewCodexAuthWithProxyURL creates a new CodexAuth service instance.
+// proxyURL takes precedence over cfg.ProxyURL when non-empty.
+func NewCodexAuthWithProxyURL(cfg *config.Config, proxyURL string) *CodexAuth {
+	effectiveProxyURL := strings.TrimSpace(proxyURL)
+	var sdkCfg config.SDKConfig
+	if cfg != nil {
+		sdkCfg = cfg.SDKConfig
+		if effectiveProxyURL == "" {
+			effectiveProxyURL = strings.TrimSpace(cfg.ProxyURL)
+		}
+	}
+	sdkCfg.ProxyURL = effectiveProxyURL
 	return &CodexAuth{
-		httpClient: util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, &http.Client{}),
+		httpClient: util.SetProxy(&sdkCfg, &http.Client{}),
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/auth/codex/openai_auth_test.go b/internal/auth/codex/openai_auth_test.go
index 3327eb4a..a7fe8307 100644
--- a/internal/auth/codex/openai_auth_test.go
+++ b/internal/auth/codex/openai_auth_test.go
@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
 )
 
 type roundTripFunc func(*http.Request) (*http.Response, error)
@@ -42,3 +44,37 @@ func TestRefreshTokensWithRetry_NonRetryableOnlyAttemptsOnce(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("expected 1 refresh attempt, got %d", got)
 	}
 }
+
+func TestNewCodexAuthWithProxyURL_OverrideDirectDisablesProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &config.Config{SDKConfig: config.SDKConfig{ProxyURL: "http://proxy.example.com:8080"}}
+	auth := NewCodexAuthWithProxyURL(cfg, "direct")
+
+	transport, ok := auth.httpClient.Transport.(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok || transport == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected http.Transport, got %T", auth.httpClient.Transport)
+	}
+	if transport.Proxy != nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected direct transport to disable proxy function")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewCodexAuthWithProxyURL_OverrideProxyTakesPrecedence(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &config.Config{SDKConfig: config.SDKConfig{ProxyURL: "http://global.example.com:8080"}}
+	auth := NewCodexAuthWithProxyURL(cfg, "http://override.example.com:8081")
+
+	transport, ok := auth.httpClient.Transport.(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok || transport == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected http.Transport, got %T", auth.httpClient.Transport)
+	}
+	req, errReq := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "https://example.com", nil)
+	if errReq != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("new request: %v", errReq)
+	}
+	proxyURL, errProxy := transport.Proxy(req)
+	if errProxy != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("proxy func: %v", errProxy)
+	}
+	if proxyURL == nil || proxyURL.String() != "http://override.example.com:8081" {
+		t.Fatalf("proxy URL = %v, want http://override.example.com:8081", proxyURL)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/auth/kimi/kimi.go b/internal/auth/kimi/kimi.go
index 8427a057..ccb1a6c2 100644
--- a/internal/auth/kimi/kimi.go
+++ b/internal/auth/kimi/kimi.go
@@ -102,10 +102,24 @@ func NewDeviceFlowClient(cfg *config.Config) *DeviceFlowClient {
 
 // NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceID creates a new device flow client with the specified device ID.
 func NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceID(cfg *config.Config, deviceID string) *DeviceFlowClient {
+	return NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceIDAndProxyURL(cfg, deviceID, "")
+}
+
+// NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceIDAndProxyURL creates a new device flow client with a proxy override.
+// proxyURL takes precedence over cfg.ProxyURL when non-empty.
+func NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceIDAndProxyURL(cfg *config.Config, deviceID string, proxyURL string) *DeviceFlowClient {
 	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+	effectiveProxyURL := strings.TrimSpace(proxyURL)
+	var sdkCfg config.SDKConfig
 	if cfg != nil {
-		client = util.SetProxy(&cfg.SDKConfig, client)
+		sdkCfg = cfg.SDKConfig
+		if effectiveProxyURL == "" {
+			effectiveProxyURL = strings.TrimSpace(cfg.ProxyURL)
+		}
 	}
+	sdkCfg.ProxyURL = effectiveProxyURL
+	client = util.SetProxy(&sdkCfg, client)
+
 	resolvedDeviceID := strings.TrimSpace(deviceID)
 	if resolvedDeviceID == "" {
 		resolvedDeviceID = getOrCreateDeviceID()
diff --git a/internal/auth/kimi/kimi_proxy_test.go b/internal/auth/kimi/kimi_proxy_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..130f34f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/auth/kimi/kimi_proxy_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package kimi
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/config"
+)
+
+func TestNewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceIDAndProxyURL_OverrideDirectDisablesProxy(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &config.Config{SDKConfig: config.SDKConfig{ProxyURL: "http://proxy.example.com:8080"}}
+	client := NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceIDAndProxyURL(cfg, "device-1", "direct")
+
+	transport, ok := client.httpClient.Transport.(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok || transport == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected http.Transport, got %T", client.httpClient.Transport)
+	}
+	if transport.Proxy != nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected direct transport to disable proxy function")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceIDAndProxyURL_OverrideProxyTakesPrecedence(t *testing.T) {
+	cfg := &config.Config{SDKConfig: config.SDKConfig{ProxyURL: "http://global.example.com:8080"}}
+	client := NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceIDAndProxyURL(cfg, "device-1", "http://override.example.com:8081")
+
+	transport, ok := client.httpClient.Transport.(*http.Transport)
+	if !ok || transport == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected http.Transport, got %T", client.httpClient.Transport)
+	}
+	req, errReq := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "https://example.com", nil)
+	if errReq != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("new request: %v", errReq)
+	}
+	proxyURL, errProxy := transport.Proxy(req)
+	if errProxy != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("proxy func: %v", errProxy)
+	}
+	if proxyURL == nil || proxyURL.String() != "http://override.example.com:8081" {
+		t.Fatalf("proxy URL = %v, want http://override.example.com:8081", proxyURL)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/internal/cmd/auth_manager.go b/internal/cmd/auth_manager.go
index 03938648..fe6bfe33 100644
--- a/internal/cmd/auth_manager.go
+++ b/internal/cmd/auth_manager.go
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ func newAuthManager() *sdkAuth.Manager {
 		sdkAuth.NewGeminiAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewCodexAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewClaudeAuthenticator(),
-		sdkAuth.NewIFlowAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewAntigravityAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewKimiAuthenticator(),
 		sdkAuth.NewKiroAuthenticator(),
diff --git a/internal/config/config.go b/internal/config/config.go
index dc870267..775d15f2 100644
--- a/internal/config/config.go
+++ b/internal/config/config.go
@@ -135,12 +135,12 @@ type Config struct {
 	AmpCode AmpCode `yaml:"ampcode" json:"ampcode"`
 
 	// OAuthExcludedModels defines per-provider global model exclusions applied to OAuth/file-backed auth entries.
-	// Supported channels: gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, iflow, kiro, github-copilot.
+	// Supported channels: gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, iflow, kiro, github-copilot, kimi.
 	OAuthExcludedModels map[string][]string `yaml:"oauth-excluded-models,omitempty" json:"oauth-excluded-models,omitempty"`
 
 	// OAuthModelAlias defines global model name aliases for OAuth/file-backed auth channels.
 	// These aliases affect both model listing and model routing for supported channels:
-	// gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, iflow, kiro, github-copilot.
+	// gemini-cli, vertex, aistudio, antigravity, claude, codex, iflow, kiro, github-copilot, kimi.
 	//
 	// NOTE: This does not apply to existing per-credential model alias features under:
 	// gemini-api-key, codex-api-key, claude-api-key, openai-compatibility, vertex-api-key, and ampcode.
diff --git a/internal/registry/model_definitions.go b/internal/registry/model_definitions.go
index 7bca859d..28706795 100644
--- a/internal/registry/model_definitions.go
+++ b/internal/registry/model_definitions.go
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ type staticModelsJSON struct {
 	CodexTeam   []*ModelInfo `json:"codex-team"`
 	CodexPlus   []*ModelInfo `json:"codex-plus"`
 	CodexPro    []*ModelInfo `json:"codex-pro"`
-	IFlow       []*ModelInfo `json:"iflow"`
 	Kimi        []*ModelInfo `json:"kimi"`
 	Antigravity []*ModelInfo `json:"antigravity"`
 }
@@ -67,11 +66,6 @@ func GetCodexProModels() []*ModelInfo {
 	return cloneModelInfos(getModels().CodexPro)
 }
 
-// GetIFlowModels returns the standard iFlow model definitions.
-func GetIFlowModels() []*ModelInfo {
-	return cloneModelInfos(getModels().IFlow)
-}
-
 // GetKimiModels returns the standard Kimi (Moonshot AI) model definitions.
 func GetKimiModels() []*ModelInfo {
 	return cloneModelInfos(getModels().Kimi)
@@ -233,7 +227,6 @@ func cloneModelInfos(models []*ModelInfo) []*ModelInfo {
 //   - gemini-cli
 //   - aistudio
 //   - codex
-//   - iflow
 //   - kimi
 //   - kilo
 //   - github-copilot
@@ -254,8 +247,6 @@ func GetStaticModelDefinitionsByChannel(channel string) []*ModelInfo {
 		return GetAIStudioModels()
 	case "codex":
 		return GetCodexProModels()
-	case "iflow":
-		return GetIFlowModels()
 	case "kimi":
 		return GetKimiModels()
 	case "github-copilot":
@@ -304,7 +295,6 @@ func LookupStaticModelInfo(modelID string) *ModelInfo {
 		data.GeminiCLI,
 		data.AIStudio,
 		data.CodexPro,
-		data.IFlow,
 		data.Kimi,
 		data.Antigravity,
 		GetGitHubCopilotModels(),
diff --git a/internal/registry/model_updater.go b/internal/registry/model_updater.go
index 9ed09c2f..2512a296 100644
--- a/internal/registry/model_updater.go
+++ b/internal/registry/model_updater.go
@@ -213,7 +213,6 @@ func detectChangedProviders(oldData, newData *staticModelsJSON) []string {
 		{"codex", oldData.CodexTeam, newData.CodexTeam},
 		{"codex", oldData.CodexPlus, newData.CodexPlus},
 		{"codex", oldData.CodexPro, newData.CodexPro},
-		{"iflow", oldData.IFlow, newData.IFlow},
 		{"kimi", oldData.Kimi, newData.Kimi},
 		{"antigravity", oldData.Antigravity, newData.Antigravity},
 	}
@@ -334,7 +333,6 @@ func validateModelsCatalog(data *staticModelsJSON) error {
 		{name: "codex-team", models: data.CodexTeam},
 		{name: "codex-plus", models: data.CodexPlus},
 		{name: "codex-pro", models: data.CodexPro},
-		{name: "iflow", models: data.IFlow},
 		{name: "kimi", models: data.Kimi},
 		{name: "antigravity", models: data.Antigravity},
 	}
diff --git a/internal/registry/models/models.json b/internal/registry/models/models.json
index d4788ec1..65d83251 100644
--- a/internal/registry/models/models.json
+++ b/internal/registry/models/models.json
@@ -72,6 +72,29 @@
         ]
       }
     },
+    {
+      "id": "claude-opus-4-7",
+      "object": "model",
+      "created": 1776297600,
+      "owned_by": "anthropic",
+      "type": "claude",
+      "display_name": "Claude Opus 4.7",
+      "description": "Premium model combining maximum intelligence with practical performance",
+      "context_length": 1000000,
+      "max_completion_tokens": 128000,
+      "thinking": {
+        "min": 1024,
+        "max": 128000,
+        "zero_allowed": true,
+        "levels": [
+          "low",
+          "medium",
+          "high",
+          "xhigh",
+          "max"
+        ]
+      }
+    },
     {
       "id": "claude-opus-4-5-20251101",
       "object": "model",
@@ -1602,187 +1625,6 @@
       }
     }
   ],
-  "iflow": [
-    {
-      "id": "qwen3-coder-plus",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1753228800,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "Qwen3-Coder-Plus",
-      "description": "Qwen3 Coder Plus code generation"
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "qwen3-max",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1758672000,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "Qwen3-Max",
-      "description": "Qwen3 flagship model"
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "qwen3-vl-plus",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1758672000,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "Qwen3-VL-Plus",
-      "description": "Qwen3 multimodal vision-language"
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "qwen3-max-preview",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1757030400,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "Qwen3-Max-Preview",
-      "description": "Qwen3 Max preview build",
-      "thinking": {
-        "levels": [
-          "none",
-          "auto",
-          "minimal",
-          "low",
-          "medium",
-          "high",
-          "xhigh"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "glm-4.6",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1759190400,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "GLM-4.6",
-      "description": "Zhipu GLM 4.6 general model",
-      "thinking": {
-        "levels": [
-          "none",
-          "auto",
-          "minimal",
-          "low",
-          "medium",
-          "high",
-          "xhigh"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "kimi-k2",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1752192000,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "Kimi-K2",
-      "description": "Moonshot Kimi K2 general model"
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "deepseek-v3.2",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1759104000,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "DeepSeek-V3.2-Exp",
-      "description": "DeepSeek V3.2 experimental",
-      "thinking": {
-        "levels": [
-          "none",
-          "auto",
-          "minimal",
-          "low",
-          "medium",
-          "high",
-          "xhigh"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "deepseek-v3.1",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1756339200,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "DeepSeek-V3.1-Terminus",
-      "description": "DeepSeek V3.1 Terminus",
-      "thinking": {
-        "levels": [
-          "none",
-          "auto",
-          "minimal",
-          "low",
-          "medium",
-          "high",
-          "xhigh"
-        ]
-      }
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "deepseek-r1",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1737331200,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "DeepSeek-R1",
-      "description": "DeepSeek reasoning model R1"
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "deepseek-v3",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1734307200,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "DeepSeek-V3-671B",
-      "description": "DeepSeek V3 671B"
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "qwen3-32b",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1747094400,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "Qwen3-32B",
-      "description": "Qwen3 32B"
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "qwen3-235b-a22b-thinking-2507",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1753401600,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "Qwen3-235B-A22B-Thinking",
-      "description": "Qwen3 235B A22B Thinking (2507)"
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "qwen3-235b-a22b-instruct",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1753401600,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct",
-      "description": "Qwen3 235B A22B Instruct"
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "qwen3-235b",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1753401600,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "Qwen3-235B-A22B",
-      "description": "Qwen3 235B A22B"
-    },
-    {
-      "id": "iflow-rome-30ba3b",
-      "object": "model",
-      "created": 1736899200,
-      "owned_by": "iflow",
-      "type": "iflow",
-      "display_name": "iFlow-ROME",
-      "description": "iFlow Rome 30BA3B model"
-    }
-  ],
   "kimi": [
     {
       "id": "kimi-k2",
@@ -2022,4 +1864,4 @@
       }
     }
   ]
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/claude_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/claude_executor.go
index 5c94c76c..51a12348 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/claude_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/claude_executor.go
@@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ func (e *ClaudeExecutor) Refresh(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth) (
 	if refreshToken == "" {
 		return auth, nil
 	}
-	svc := claudeauth.NewClaudeAuth(e.cfg)
+	svc := claudeauth.NewClaudeAuthWithProxyURL(e.cfg, auth.ProxyURL)
 	td, err := svc.RefreshTokens(ctx, refreshToken)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/codex_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/codex_executor.go
index acca590a..41b1c325 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/codex_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/codex_executor.go
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@ func (e *CodexExecutor) Refresh(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth) (*
 	if refreshToken == "" {
 		return auth, nil
 	}
-	svc := codexauth.NewCodexAuth(e.cfg)
+	svc := codexauth.NewCodexAuthWithProxyURL(e.cfg, auth.ProxyURL)
 	td, err := svc.RefreshTokensWithRetry(ctx, refreshToken, 3)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/helps/thinking_providers.go b/internal/runtime/executor/helps/thinking_providers.go
index 36b63c90..bbd01962 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/helps/thinking_providers.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/helps/thinking_providers.go
@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import (
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/codex"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/gemini"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/geminicli"
-	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/iflow"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/kimi"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/openai"
 )
diff --git a/internal/runtime/executor/kimi_executor.go b/internal/runtime/executor/kimi_executor.go
index 0c911085..931e3a56 100644
--- a/internal/runtime/executor/kimi_executor.go
+++ b/internal/runtime/executor/kimi_executor.go
@@ -472,7 +472,7 @@ func (e *KimiExecutor) Refresh(ctx context.Context, auth *cliproxyauth.Auth) (*c
 		return auth, nil
 	}
 
-	client := kimiauth.NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceID(e.cfg, resolveKimiDeviceID(auth))
+	client := kimiauth.NewDeviceFlowClientWithDeviceIDAndProxyURL(e.cfg, resolveKimiDeviceID(auth), auth.ProxyURL)
 	td, err := client.RefreshToken(ctx, refreshToken)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
diff --git a/internal/thinking/apply.go b/internal/thinking/apply.go
index c79ecd8e..1edeac87 100644
--- a/internal/thinking/apply.go
+++ b/internal/thinking/apply.go
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@ var providerAppliers = map[string]ProviderApplier{
 	"claude":      nil,
 	"openai":      nil,
 	"codex":       nil,
-	"iflow":       nil,
 	"antigravity": nil,
 	"kimi":        nil,
 }
@@ -63,7 +62,7 @@ func IsUserDefinedModel(modelInfo *registry.ModelInfo) bool {
 //   - body: Original request body JSON
 //   - model: Model name, optionally with thinking suffix (e.g., "claude-sonnet-4-5(16384)")
 //   - fromFormat: Source request format (e.g., openai, codex, gemini)
-//   - toFormat: Target provider format for the request body (gemini, gemini-cli, antigravity, claude, openai, codex, iflow)
+//   - toFormat: Target provider format for the request body (gemini, gemini-cli, antigravity, claude, openai, codex, kimi)
 //   - providerKey: Provider identifier used for registry model lookups (may differ from toFormat, e.g., openrouter -> openai)
 //
 // Returns:
@@ -327,12 +326,6 @@ func extractThinkingConfig(body []byte, provider string) ThinkingConfig {
 		return extractOpenAIConfig(body)
 	case "codex":
 		return extractCodexConfig(body)
-	case "iflow":
-		config := extractIFlowConfig(body)
-		if hasThinkingConfig(config) {
-			return config
-		}
-		return extractOpenAIConfig(body)
 	case "kimi":
 		// Kimi uses OpenAI-compatible reasoning_effort format
 		return extractOpenAIConfig(body)
@@ -494,34 +487,3 @@ func extractCodexConfig(body []byte) ThinkingConfig {
 
 	return ThinkingConfig{}
 }
-
-// extractIFlowConfig extracts thinking configuration from iFlow format request body.
-//
-// iFlow API format (supports multiple model families):
-//   - GLM format: chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking (boolean)
-//   - MiniMax format: reasoning_split (boolean)
-//
-// Returns ModeBudget with Budget=1 as a sentinel value indicating "enabled".
-// The actual budget/configuration is determined by the iFlow applier based on model capabilities.
-// Budget=1 is used because iFlow models don't use numeric budgets; they only support on/off.
-func extractIFlowConfig(body []byte) ThinkingConfig {
-	// GLM format: chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking
-	if enabled := gjson.GetBytes(body, "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking"); enabled.Exists() {
-		if enabled.Bool() {
-			// Budget=1 is a sentinel meaning "enabled" (iFlow doesn't use numeric budgets)
-			return ThinkingConfig{Mode: ModeBudget, Budget: 1}
-		}
-		return ThinkingConfig{Mode: ModeNone, Budget: 0}
-	}
-
-	// MiniMax format: reasoning_split
-	if split := gjson.GetBytes(body, "reasoning_split"); split.Exists() {
-		if split.Bool() {
-			// Budget=1 is a sentinel meaning "enabled" (iFlow doesn't use numeric budgets)
-			return ThinkingConfig{Mode: ModeBudget, Budget: 1}
-		}
-		return ThinkingConfig{Mode: ModeNone, Budget: 0}
-	}
-
-	return ThinkingConfig{}
-}
diff --git a/internal/thinking/convert.go b/internal/thinking/convert.go
index 89db7745..b22a0879 100644
--- a/internal/thinking/convert.go
+++ b/internal/thinking/convert.go
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ const (
 // It analyzes the model's ThinkingSupport configuration to classify the model:
 //   - CapabilityNone: modelInfo.Thinking is nil (model doesn't support thinking)
 //   - CapabilityBudgetOnly: Has Min/Max but no Levels (Claude, Gemini 2.5)
-//   - CapabilityLevelOnly: Has Levels but no Min/Max (OpenAI, iFlow)
+//   - CapabilityLevelOnly: Has Levels but no Min/Max (OpenAI, Codex, Kimi)
 //   - CapabilityHybrid: Has both Min/Max and Levels (Gemini 3)
 //
 // Note: Returns a special sentinel value when modelInfo itself is nil (unknown model).
diff --git a/internal/thinking/strip.go b/internal/thinking/strip.go
index 85498c01..1e1712d1 100644
--- a/internal/thinking/strip.go
+++ b/internal/thinking/strip.go
@@ -44,13 +44,6 @@ func StripThinkingConfig(body []byte, provider string) []byte {
 		}
 	case "codex":
 		paths = []string{"reasoning.effort"}
-	case "iflow":
-		paths = []string{
-			"chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			"chat_template_kwargs.clear_thinking",
-			"reasoning_split",
-			"reasoning_effort",
-		}
 	default:
 		return body
 	}
diff --git a/internal/thinking/types.go b/internal/thinking/types.go
index 5e45fc6b..a31d7981 100644
--- a/internal/thinking/types.go
+++ b/internal/thinking/types.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Package thinking provides unified thinking configuration processing.
 //
 // This package offers a unified interface for parsing, validating, and applying
-// thinking configurations across various AI providers (Claude, Gemini, OpenAI, iFlow).
+// thinking configurations across various AI providers (Claude, Gemini, OpenAI, Codex, Antigravity, Kimi).
 package thinking
 
 import "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/registry"
diff --git a/internal/tui/oauth_tab.go b/internal/tui/oauth_tab.go
index 1df045ac..bed17e4f 100644
--- a/internal/tui/oauth_tab.go
+++ b/internal/tui/oauth_tab.go
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@ var oauthProviders = []oauthProvider{
 	{"Codex (OpenAI)", "codex-auth-url", "🟩"},
 	{"Antigravity", "antigravity-auth-url", "🟪"},
 	{"Kimi", "kimi-auth-url", "🟫"},
-	{"IFlow", "iflow-auth-url", "⬜"},
 }
 
 // oauthTabModel handles OAuth login flows.
@@ -281,8 +280,6 @@ func (m oauthTabModel) submitCallback(callbackURL string) tea.Cmd {
 					providerKey = "antigravity"
 				case "kimi-auth-url":
 					providerKey = "kimi"
-				case "iflow-auth-url":
-					providerKey = "iflow"
 				}
 				break
 			}
diff --git a/sdk/api/handlers/handlers.go b/sdk/api/handlers/handlers.go
index 168a5263..5c416219 100644
--- a/sdk/api/handlers/handlers.go
+++ b/sdk/api/handlers/handlers.go
@@ -194,11 +194,11 @@ func requestExecutionMetadata(ctx context.Context) map[string]any {
 			key = strings.TrimSpace(ginCtx.GetHeader("Idempotency-Key"))
 		}
 	}
-	if key == "" {
-		return make(map[string]any)
-	}
 
-	meta := map[string]any{idempotencyKeyMetadataKey: key}
+	meta := make(map[string]any)
+	if key != "" {
+		meta[idempotencyKeyMetadataKey] = key
+	}
 	if pinnedAuthID := pinnedAuthIDFromContext(ctx); pinnedAuthID != "" {
 		meta[coreexecutor.PinnedAuthMetadataKey] = pinnedAuthID
 	}
diff --git a/sdk/api/handlers/handlers_metadata_test.go b/sdk/api/handlers/handlers_metadata_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..99af872d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sdk/api/handlers/handlers_metadata_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+package handlers
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	coreexecutor "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/sdk/cliproxy/executor"
+	"golang.org/x/net/context"
+)
+
+func TestRequestExecutionMetadataIncludesExecutionSessionWithoutIdempotencyKey(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := WithExecutionSessionID(context.Background(), "session-1")
+
+	meta := requestExecutionMetadata(ctx)
+	if got := meta[coreexecutor.ExecutionSessionMetadataKey]; got != "session-1" {
+		t.Fatalf("ExecutionSessionMetadataKey = %v, want %q", got, "session-1")
+	}
+	if _, ok := meta[idempotencyKeyMetadataKey]; ok {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected idempotency key in metadata: %v", meta[idempotencyKeyMetadataKey])
+	}
+}
diff --git a/sdk/api/management.go b/sdk/api/management.go
index b1a7f8e3..a5a1cfc4 100644
--- a/sdk/api/management.go
+++ b/sdk/api/management.go
@@ -18,8 +18,6 @@ type ManagementTokenRequester interface {
 	RequestCodexToken(*gin.Context)
 	RequestAntigravityToken(*gin.Context)
 	RequestKimiToken(*gin.Context)
-	RequestIFlowToken(*gin.Context)
-	RequestIFlowCookieToken(*gin.Context)
 	GetAuthStatus(c *gin.Context)
 	PostOAuthCallback(c *gin.Context)
 }
@@ -55,14 +53,6 @@ func (m *managementTokenRequester) RequestKimiToken(c *gin.Context) {
 	m.handler.RequestKimiToken(c)
 }
 
-func (m *managementTokenRequester) RequestIFlowToken(c *gin.Context) {
-	m.handler.RequestIFlowToken(c)
-}
-
-func (m *managementTokenRequester) RequestIFlowCookieToken(c *gin.Context) {
-	m.handler.RequestIFlowCookieToken(c)
-}
-
 func (m *managementTokenRequester) GetAuthStatus(c *gin.Context) {
 	m.handler.GetAuthStatus(c)
 }
diff --git a/sdk/auth/refresh_registry.go b/sdk/auth/refresh_registry.go
index f3419de5..c72dd6ea 100644
--- a/sdk/auth/refresh_registry.go
+++ b/sdk/auth/refresh_registry.go
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ import (
 func init() {
 	registerRefreshLead("codex", func() Authenticator { return NewCodexAuthenticator() })
 	registerRefreshLead("claude", func() Authenticator { return NewClaudeAuthenticator() })
-	registerRefreshLead("iflow", func() Authenticator { return NewIFlowAuthenticator() })
 	registerRefreshLead("gemini", func() Authenticator { return NewGeminiAuthenticator() })
 	registerRefreshLead("gemini-cli", func() Authenticator { return NewGeminiAuthenticator() })
 	registerRefreshLead("antigravity", func() Authenticator { return NewAntigravityAuthenticator() })
diff --git a/sdk/cliproxy/auth/conductor_overrides_test.go b/sdk/cliproxy/auth/conductor_overrides_test.go
index 0adc83a6..f74621be 100644
--- a/sdk/cliproxy/auth/conductor_overrides_test.go
+++ b/sdk/cliproxy/auth/conductor_overrides_test.go
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ func TestManager_ShouldRetryAfterError_UsesOAuthModelAliasForCooldown(t *testing
 	m := NewManager(nil, nil, nil)
 	m.SetRetryConfig(3, 30*time.Second, 0)
 	m.SetOAuthModelAlias(map[string][]internalconfig.OAuthModelAlias{
-		"iflow": {
+		"kimi": {
 			{Name: "deepseek-v3.1", Alias: "pool-model"},
 		},
 	})
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func TestManager_ShouldRetryAfterError_UsesOAuthModelAliasForCooldown(t *testing
 
 	auth := &Auth{
 		ID:       "auth-1",
-		Provider: "iflow",
+		Provider: "kimi",
 		ModelStates: map[string]*ModelState{
 			upstreamModel: {
 				Unavailable:    true,
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ func TestManager_ShouldRetryAfterError_UsesOAuthModelAliasForCooldown(t *testing
 	}
 
 	_, _, maxWait := m.retrySettings()
-	wait, shouldRetry := m.shouldRetryAfterError(&Error{HTTPStatus: 429, Message: "quota"}, 0, []string{"iflow"}, routeModel, maxWait)
+	wait, shouldRetry := m.shouldRetryAfterError(&Error{HTTPStatus: 429, Message: "quota"}, 0, []string{"kimi"}, routeModel, maxWait)
 	if !shouldRetry {
 		t.Fatalf("expected shouldRetry=true, got false (wait=%v)", wait)
 	}
diff --git a/sdk/cliproxy/auth/oauth_model_alias_test.go b/sdk/cliproxy/auth/oauth_model_alias_test.go
index 2d92b010..47bb285e 100644
--- a/sdk/cliproxy/auth/oauth_model_alias_test.go
+++ b/sdk/cliproxy/auth/oauth_model_alias_test.go
@@ -184,8 +184,6 @@ func createAuthForChannel(channel string) *Auth {
 		return &Auth{Provider: "aistudio"}
 	case "antigravity":
 		return &Auth{Provider: "antigravity"}
-	case "iflow":
-		return &Auth{Provider: "iflow"}
 	case "kimi":
 		return &Auth{Provider: "kimi"}
 	case "kiro":
diff --git a/sdk/cliproxy/auth/types.go b/sdk/cliproxy/auth/types.go
index 3784e0af..16814eb8 100644
--- a/sdk/cliproxy/auth/types.go
+++ b/sdk/cliproxy/auth/types.go
@@ -406,30 +406,6 @@ func (a *Auth) AccountInfo() (string, string) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// For iFlow provider, prioritize OAuth type if email is present
-	if strings.ToLower(a.Provider) == "iflow" {
-		if a.Metadata != nil {
-			if email, ok := a.Metadata["email"].(string); ok {
-				email = strings.TrimSpace(email)
-				if email != "" {
-					return "oauth", email
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// For GitHub provider (including github-copilot), return username
-	if strings.HasPrefix(strings.ToLower(a.Provider), "github") {
-		if a.Metadata != nil {
-			if username, ok := a.Metadata["username"].(string); ok {
-				username = strings.TrimSpace(username)
-				if username != "" {
-					return "oauth", username
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
 	// Check metadata for email first (OAuth-style auth)
 	if a.Metadata != nil {
 		if method, ok := a.Metadata["auth_method"].(string); ok {
@@ -453,6 +429,14 @@ func (a *Auth) AccountInfo() (string, string) {
 				return "personal_access_token", ""
 			}
 		}
+		// For GitHub provider (including github-copilot), return username when email isn't available.
+		if strings.HasPrefix(strings.ToLower(a.Provider), "github") {
+			if username, ok := a.Metadata["username"].(string); ok {
+				if trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(username); trimmed != "" {
+					return "oauth", trimmed
+				}
+			}
+		}
 		if v, ok := a.Metadata["email"].(string); ok {
 			email := strings.TrimSpace(v)
 			if email != "" {
diff --git a/sdk/cliproxy/service.go b/sdk/cliproxy/service.go
index c6a4f15e..d46de64f 100644
--- a/sdk/cliproxy/service.go
+++ b/sdk/cliproxy/service.go
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ func (s *Service) ensureExecutorsForAuthWithMode(a *coreauth.Auth, forceReplace
 	}
 	// Skip disabled auth entries when (re)binding executors.
 	// Disabled auths can linger during config reloads (e.g., removed OpenAI-compat entries)
-	// and must not override active provider executors (such as iFlow OAuth accounts).
+	// and must not override active provider executors.
 	if a.Disabled {
 		return
 	}
@@ -434,8 +434,6 @@ func (s *Service) ensureExecutorsForAuthWithMode(a *coreauth.Auth, forceReplace
 		s.coreManager.RegisterExecutor(executor.NewAntigravityExecutor(s.cfg))
 	case "claude":
 		s.coreManager.RegisterExecutor(executor.NewClaudeExecutor(s.cfg))
-	case "iflow":
-		s.coreManager.RegisterExecutor(executor.NewIFlowExecutor(s.cfg))
 	case "kimi":
 		s.coreManager.RegisterExecutor(executor.NewKimiExecutor(s.cfg))
 	case "kiro":
@@ -962,9 +960,6 @@ func (s *Service) registerModelsForAuth(a *coreauth.Auth) {
 			}
 		}
 		models = applyExcludedModels(models, excluded)
-	case "iflow":
-		models = registry.GetIFlowModels()
-		models = applyExcludedModels(models, excluded)
 	case "kimi":
 		models = registry.GetKimiModels()
 		models = applyExcludedModels(models, excluded)
diff --git a/test/thinking_conversion_test.go b/test/thinking_conversion_test.go
index a6219053..984d3564 100644
--- a/test/thinking_conversion_test.go
+++ b/test/thinking_conversion_test.go
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import (
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/codex"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/gemini"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/geminicli"
-	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/iflow"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/kimi"
 	_ "github.com/router-for-me/CLIProxyAPI/v6/internal/thinking/provider/openai"
 
@@ -1067,184 +1066,6 @@ func TestThinkingE2EMatrix_Suffix(t *testing.T) {
 			expectErr:       false,
 		},
 
-		// iflow tests: glm-test and minimax-test (Cases 90-105)
-
-		// glm-test (from: openai, claude)
-		// Case 90: OpenAI to iflow, no suffix → passthrough
-		{
-			name:        "90",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 91: OpenAI to iflow, (medium) → enable_thinking=true
-		{
-			name:        "91",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test(medium)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test(medium)","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 92: OpenAI to iflow, (auto) → enable_thinking=true
-		{
-			name:        "92",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test(auto)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test(auto)","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 93: OpenAI to iflow, (none) → enable_thinking=false
-		{
-			name:        "93",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test(none)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test(none)","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "false",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 94: Claude to iflow, no suffix → passthrough
-		{
-			name:        "94",
-			from:        "claude",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 95: Claude to iflow, (8192) → enable_thinking=true
-		{
-			name:        "95",
-			from:        "claude",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test(8192)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test(8192)","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 96: Claude to iflow, (-1) → enable_thinking=true
-		{
-			name:        "96",
-			from:        "claude",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test(-1)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test(-1)","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 97: Claude to iflow, (0) → enable_thinking=false
-		{
-			name:        "97",
-			from:        "claude",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test(0)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test(0)","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "false",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-
-		// minimax-test (from: openai, gemini)
-		// Case 98: OpenAI to iflow, no suffix → passthrough
-		{
-			name:        "98",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 99: OpenAI to iflow, (medium) → reasoning_split=true
-		{
-			name:        "99",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test(medium)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test(medium)","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 100: OpenAI to iflow, (auto) → reasoning_split=true
-		{
-			name:        "100",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test(auto)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test(auto)","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 101: OpenAI to iflow, (none) → reasoning_split=false
-		{
-			name:        "101",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test(none)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test(none)","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "false",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 102: Gemini to iflow, no suffix → passthrough
-		{
-			name:        "102",
-			from:        "gemini",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","contents":[{"role":"user","parts":[{"text":"hi"}]}]}`,
-			expectField: "",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 103: Gemini to iflow, (8192) → reasoning_split=true
-		{
-			name:        "103",
-			from:        "gemini",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test(8192)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test(8192)","contents":[{"role":"user","parts":[{"text":"hi"}]}]}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 104: Gemini to iflow, (-1) → reasoning_split=true
-		{
-			name:        "104",
-			from:        "gemini",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test(-1)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test(-1)","contents":[{"role":"user","parts":[{"text":"hi"}]}]}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 105: Gemini to iflow, (0) → reasoning_split=false
-		{
-			name:        "105",
-			from:        "gemini",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test(0)",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test(0)","contents":[{"role":"user","parts":[{"text":"hi"}]}]}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "false",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-
 		// Gemini Family Cross-Channel Consistency (Cases 106-114)
 		// Tests that gemini/gemini-cli/antigravity as same API family should have consistent validation behavior
 
@@ -2462,184 +2283,6 @@ func TestThinkingE2EMatrix_Body(t *testing.T) {
 			expectErr:   true,
 		},
 
-		// iflow tests: glm-test and minimax-test (Cases 90-105)
-
-		// glm-test (from: openai, claude)
-		// Case 90: OpenAI to iflow, no param → passthrough
-		{
-			name:        "90",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 91: OpenAI to iflow, reasoning_effort=medium → enable_thinking=true
-		{
-			name:        "91",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"reasoning_effort":"medium"}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 92: OpenAI to iflow, reasoning_effort=auto → enable_thinking=true
-		{
-			name:        "92",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"reasoning_effort":"auto"}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 93: OpenAI to iflow, reasoning_effort=none → enable_thinking=false
-		{
-			name:        "93",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"reasoning_effort":"none"}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "false",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 94: Claude to iflow, no param → passthrough
-		{
-			name:        "94",
-			from:        "claude",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 95: Claude to iflow, thinking.budget_tokens=8192 → enable_thinking=true
-		{
-			name:        "95",
-			from:        "claude",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"thinking":{"type":"enabled","budget_tokens":8192}}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 96: Claude to iflow, thinking.budget_tokens=-1 → enable_thinking=true
-		{
-			name:        "96",
-			from:        "claude",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"thinking":{"type":"enabled","budget_tokens":-1}}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 97: Claude to iflow, thinking.budget_tokens=0 → enable_thinking=false
-		{
-			name:        "97",
-			from:        "claude",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"thinking":{"type":"enabled","budget_tokens":0}}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "false",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-
-		// minimax-test (from: openai, gemini)
-		// Case 98: OpenAI to iflow, no param → passthrough
-		{
-			name:        "98",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}]}`,
-			expectField: "",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 99: OpenAI to iflow, reasoning_effort=medium → reasoning_split=true
-		{
-			name:        "99",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"reasoning_effort":"medium"}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 100: OpenAI to iflow, reasoning_effort=auto → reasoning_split=true
-		{
-			name:        "100",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"reasoning_effort":"auto"}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 101: OpenAI to iflow, reasoning_effort=none → reasoning_split=false
-		{
-			name:        "101",
-			from:        "openai",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"reasoning_effort":"none"}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "false",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 102: Gemini to iflow, no param → passthrough
-		{
-			name:        "102",
-			from:        "gemini",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","contents":[{"role":"user","parts":[{"text":"hi"}]}]}`,
-			expectField: "",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 103: Gemini to iflow, thinkingBudget=8192 → reasoning_split=true
-		{
-			name:        "103",
-			from:        "gemini",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","contents":[{"role":"user","parts":[{"text":"hi"}]}],"generationConfig":{"thinkingConfig":{"thinkingBudget":8192}}}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 104: Gemini to iflow, thinkingBudget=-1 → reasoning_split=true
-		{
-			name:        "104",
-			from:        "gemini",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","contents":[{"role":"user","parts":[{"text":"hi"}]}],"generationConfig":{"thinkingConfig":{"thinkingBudget":-1}}}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		// Case 105: Gemini to iflow, thinkingBudget=0 → reasoning_split=false
-		{
-			name:        "105",
-			from:        "gemini",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","contents":[{"role":"user","parts":[{"text":"hi"}]}],"generationConfig":{"thinkingConfig":{"thinkingBudget":0}}}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "false",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-
 		// Gemini Family Cross-Channel Consistency (Cases 106-114)
 		// Tests that gemini/gemini-cli/antigravity as same API family should have consistent validation behavior
 
@@ -3250,27 +2893,6 @@ func TestThinkingE2EClaudeAdaptive_Body(t *testing.T) {
 			expectValue: "high",
 			expectErr:   false,
 		},
-
-		{
-			name:        "C19",
-			from:        "claude",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "glm-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"glm-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"thinking":{"type":"adaptive"},"output_config":{"effort":"minimal"}}`,
-			expectField: "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
-		{
-			name:        "C20",
-			from:        "claude",
-			to:          "iflow",
-			model:       "minimax-test",
-			inputJSON:   `{"model":"minimax-test","messages":[{"role":"user","content":"hi"}],"thinking":{"type":"adaptive"},"output_config":{"effort":"high"}}`,
-			expectField: "reasoning_split",
-			expectValue: "true",
-			expectErr:   false,
-		},
 		{
 			name:            "C21",
 			from:            "claude",
@@ -3447,10 +3069,10 @@ func getTestModels() []*registry.ModelInfo {
 			UserDefined: true,
 			Thinking:    nil,
 		},
-		{
-			ID:          "glm-test",
-			Object:      "model",
-			Created:     1700000000,
+			{
+				ID:          "glm-test",
+				Object:      "model",
+				Created:     1700000000,
 			OwnedBy:     "test",
 			Type:        "iflow",
 			DisplayName: "GLM Test Model",
@@ -3507,11 +3129,11 @@ func getTestModels() []*registry.ModelInfo {
 			Created:     1700000000,
 			OwnedBy:     "github-copilot",
 			Type:        "github-copilot",
-			DisplayName: "GPT-5.2 Codex",
-			Thinking:    &registry.ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high", "xhigh"}, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: false},
-		},
+				DisplayName: "GPT-5.2 Codex",
+				Thinking:    &registry.ThinkingSupport{Levels: []string{"none", "low", "medium", "high", "xhigh"}, ZeroAllowed: true, DynamicAllowed: false},
+			},
+		}
 	}
-}
 
 // runThinkingTests runs thinking test cases using the real data flow path.
 func runThinkingTests(t *testing.T, cases []thinkingTestCase) {
@@ -3522,23 +3144,23 @@ func runThinkingTests(t *testing.T, cases []thinkingTestCase) {
 			suffixResult := thinking.ParseSuffix(tc.model)
 			baseModel := suffixResult.ModelName
 
-			translateTo := tc.to
-			applyTo := tc.to
-			if tc.to == "iflow" {
-				translateTo = "openai"
-				applyTo = "iflow"
-			}
+				translateTo := tc.to
+				applyTo := tc.to
+				if tc.to == "iflow" {
+					translateTo = "openai"
+					applyTo = "iflow"
+				}
 			if tc.to == "github-copilot" {
 				if tc.from == "openai-response" {
 					translateTo = "codex"
 					applyTo = "codex"
 				} else {
 					translateTo = "openai"
-					applyTo = "openai"
+						applyTo = "openai"
+					}
 				}
-			}
 
-			body := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(
+				body := sdktranslator.TranslateRequest(
 				sdktranslator.FromString(tc.from),
 				sdktranslator.FromString(translateTo),
 				baseModel,
@@ -3576,8 +3198,6 @@ func runThinkingTests(t *testing.T, cases []thinkingTestCase) {
 					hasThinking = gjson.GetBytes(body, "reasoning_effort").Exists()
 				case "codex":
 					hasThinking = gjson.GetBytes(body, "reasoning.effort").Exists() || gjson.GetBytes(body, "reasoning").Exists()
-				case "iflow":
-					hasThinking = gjson.GetBytes(body, "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking").Exists() || gjson.GetBytes(body, "reasoning_split").Exists()
 				}
 				if hasThinking {
 					t.Fatalf("expected no thinking field but found one, body=%s", string(body))
@@ -3618,23 +3238,6 @@ func runThinkingTests(t *testing.T, cases []thinkingTestCase) {
 					t.Fatalf("includeThoughts: expected %s, got %s, body=%s", tc.includeThoughts, actual, string(body))
 				}
 			}
-
-			// Verify clear_thinking for iFlow GLM models when enable_thinking=true
-			if tc.to == "iflow" && tc.expectField == "chat_template_kwargs.enable_thinking" && tc.expectValue == "true" {
-				baseModel := thinking.ParseSuffix(tc.model).ModelName
-				isGLM := strings.HasPrefix(strings.ToLower(baseModel), "glm")
-				ctVal := gjson.GetBytes(body, "chat_template_kwargs.clear_thinking")
-				if isGLM {
-					if !ctVal.Exists() {
-						t.Fatalf("expected clear_thinking field not found for GLM model, body=%s", string(body))
-					}
-					if ctVal.Bool() != false {
-						t.Fatalf("clear_thinking: expected false, got %v, body=%s", ctVal.Bool(), string(body))
-					}
-				} else if ctVal.Exists() {
-					t.Fatalf("expected no clear_thinking field for non-GLM enable_thinking model, body=%s", string(body))
-				}
-			}
 		})
 	}
 }